Homelessness and Incarceration: An Examination of Barriers to Misdemeanor Resolution for the Homeless
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2012.01.18Keywords:
Homelessness, veterans, misdemeanor, incarceration, misdemeanor resolutionAbstract
The relationship between homelessness and crime has been investigated in few studies despite the implications of prior offenses and incarceration on job seekers. This study examined the relationship among homelessness, misdemeanors, incarceration, and misdemeanor resolution. Factors hindering misdemeanor resolution were explored by surveying participants at two Veterans Administration (VA) Stand Downs (n=186). The sample includes the primary service population of homeless veterans and other homeless persons. Respondents reported on factors perceived as limiting them from resolving misdemeanors, along with socio-demographic, homeless status, misdemeanor, and incarceration data. Factor Analysis yielded three factors as barriers that have implications for social work practice.
References
Bernstein, J., Mishel, L., & Brocht, C. (2000). Any way you cut it: Income inequality on the rise regardless of how it’s measured. Economic Policy Institute Briefing Paper. Retrieved from www.epi.org/publication/briefingpapers_inequality_inequality/
U.S. Census (2012). United States Census 2000. Washington, DC: United States Department of Commerce. Economics and Statistics Administration.
Calsyn, R., Yonker, R., Lemming, M., Morse, G., & Klinkenberg, W. (2005). Impact of assertive community treatment and client characteristics on criminal justice outcomes in dual disorder homeless individuals. Criminal Behavior and Mental Health, 15, 236-248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbm.24 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cbm.24
Cohen, C. (1999). Aging and homelessness. The Gerontologist, 39, 5-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/39.1.5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/39.1.5
Crane, M., Byrne, K., Fu, R., Lipmann, B., Mirabelli, F., Rota-Bartelink, A.,…Warnes, A.M. (2005). The causes of homelessness in later life: Findings from a 3-nation study. Journal of Gerontology, 60B(3), S152-S159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/60.3.S152 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/60.3.S152
Department of Children and Families (2010). Homeless Conditions in Florida. State of Florida: Council on Homelessness Annual Report. Retrieved from www.dcf.state.fl.us/programs/homelessness.docs/2010CouncilReport.pdf
Elliot, M., & Krivo, L. (1991). Structural determinants of homelessness in the United States. Social Problems, 38(1), 113-131. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/800641 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.1991.38.1.03a00070
European Federation of National Organizations working with the Homeless (FEANTSA). (2010). How to measure and monitor homelessness at EU level. Retrieved from http://www.feantsa.org/files/freshstart/Working_Groups/Data_collection/2010/statements/homelessnessmeasurement_march_2010en.pdf
Fitzpatrick, S., & Christian, J. (2006). Comparing homelessness research in the U.S. and Britain. European Journal of Housing Policy, 6(3), 313-333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616710600973151 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14616710600973151
Goffman, A. (2009). On the run: Wanted men in a Philadelphia ghetto. American Sociological Review, 74(3), 339-357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240907400301 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/000312240907400301
Greenberg, G., & Rosenheck, R. (2008). Jail Incarceration, Homelessness, and Mental Health: A National Study. Psychiatric Services, 59(2), 170-177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.59.2.170 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.2008.59.2.170
Herzog, J. (2011). Misdemeanor Resolution Stand-down Survey Results. Technical report for Judge Maney of the Okaloosa County Court, Fl.
Heslin, K., Andersen, R., & Gelberg, L. (2003). Case Management and Access to Services for Homeless Women. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 14(1), 34-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1049208902238822
Kasprow, W., & Rosenheck, R. (2007). Outcomes of Critical Time Intervention Case Management of Homeless Veterans after Psychiatric Services. Psychiatric Services, 58(7), 929-935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.58.7.929 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.2007.58.7.929
LePage, J., Bluitt, M., House-Hatfield, T., McAdams, H., Burdick, M., Dudley, D., Michaels, M., Merrell, C., Otto, S., Lenger-Gvist, J., Eisworth, J., Newton, J., & Gaston, C. (2005). Improving Success in a Veterans Homeless Domiciliary Vocational
Program: Model Development and Evaluation. Rehabilitation Psychology, 50(3), 297-304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0090-5550.50.3.297 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0090-5550.50.3.297
Minnery, J., & Greenhalgh, E. (2007). Approaches to homelessness policy in Europe, the United States, and Australia. Journal of Social Issues, 63(3), 641-655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00528.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00528.x
Miraftab, F. (2004). Neoliberalism and casualization of public sector services: The case of waste collection services in Cape Town, South Africa. International Journal of Urban and Regional Resources, 28(4), 874-892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0309-1317.2004.00557.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0309-1317.2004.00557.x
Misdemeanor Guide (2012). Florida Misdemeanors. Retrieved from www.misdemeanorguide.com
National Coalition for the Homeless (2012). Who is homeless? Factsheets, pp. 1-5. Retrieved from www.nationalhomeless.org/factsheets/who.html
Okamoto, Y. (2007). A comparative study of homelessness in the United Kingdom and Japan. Journal of Social Issues, 63(3), 525-542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00522.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00522.x
Pickett-Schenk, S., Cook, J., Grey, D., Bang hart, M., Rosenheck, R., & Randolph, F. (2002). Employment Histories of Homeless Persons with Mental Illness. Community Mental Health Journal, 38(3), 199-211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015211622877 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015211622877
Sadowski, L., Kee, R., & VanderWeele, T. (2009), Effect of a Housing and Case Management Program on Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations Among Chronically Ill Homeless Adults, Journal of the American Medical Association, 301(17), 1771-1778. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.561 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.561
Seidner, A., Burling, T., Fisher, L., & Blair, T. (1990). Characteristics of Telephone Applicants to a Residential Rehabilitation Program for Homeless Veterans. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58(6), 825-831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.58.6.825 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.58.6.825
Shinn, M. (2007). International homelessness: Policy, socio-cultural and individual perspectives. Journal of Social Issues, 63(3), 657-677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00529.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2007.00529.x
Tolomiczenko, G., & Goering, P. (2001). Gender differences in legal involvement among homeless shelter users. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 24, 583-593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0160-2527(00)00068-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-2527(00)00068-6
Travis, J. (2002). Invisible punishment: An instrument of social exclusion. In M. Mauer & M. Chesney- Lind (Eds.), Invisible punishment: The collateral consequences of mass imprisonment (15-36). New Press: New York, NY.
White, M., Chafetz, L., Collins-Bride, G., & Nickens, J. (2006). History Of Arrest, Incarceration and Victimization In Community-Based Severely Mentally Ill. Journal of Community Health. 31(2),123-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10900-005-9005-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-005-9005-1
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2012 Joseph R. Herzog, Chang-Bae Lee, Frank A. Sansone, Mark Olson
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Policy for Journals/Articles with Open Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
Policy for Journals / Manuscript with Paid Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Publisher retain copyright .
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work .