Exploring Loan Sharks in Online Peer-to-Peer Lending Applications: A Case Study of Vietnam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2021.10.150Keywords:
Loan shark, online peer-to-peer (P2P) lending, criminal groups, online lending Apps, police officials, VietnamAbstract
Online peer-to-peer lending applications have emerged in some recent years in Vietnam, where the consumer lending market is potential for financial companies. This country faces challenges to control the online lending business. As a result, criminals find loopholes in the legal system on this business to commit loan sharks. This article targets to explore the nature of the connection between a loan shark and online peer-to-peer lending applications through interviewing with police officials in their specific operation investigated. The findings highlight a close structure of criminal groups related to loan sharks via this lending platform and a comprehensive profile of borrowers. These findings suggest some recommendations for fighting against this crime effectively in the coming time.
References
Ashta, A., & Assadi, D. (2009). An analysis of European online micro-lending websites. Cahiers du CEREN, 29, 147-160.
Berg, B. L. (2009). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences (7th ed. ed.). Boston: Boston : Allyn & Bacon.
Boyce, C., & Neale, P. (2006). Conducting in-depth interviews: A guide for designing and conducting in-depth interviews for evaluation input. Watertown, MA: Pathfinder International.
Broadhurst, K. (2015). Qualitative interview as special conversation (after removal) (Vol. 14, pp. 301-306). https://doi.org/10.1177/1473325015578501
Bryman, A. (2012). Social research methods (4th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
Bui, T. C. (2020). Loopholes in the loan shark-encountered laws. People's Police Academy. Hanoi.
Creswell, J. (2013). Qualitative inquiry & research design : choosing among five approaches (3rd edition. ed.): Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications, Inc.
Dietrich, A., & Wernli, R. (2016). What drives the interest rates in the P2P consumer lending market? Empirical evidence from Switzerland. SSRN Electronic Journal, 10. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2767455
Duarte, J., Siegel, S., & Young, L. (2012). Trust and credit: The role of appearance in P2P lending. The Review of Financial Studies, 25(8), 2455-2484. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhs071
Ellinger, A. D., & McWhorter, R. (2016). Qualitative case study research as empirical inquiry. International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and Technology (IJAVET), 7(3), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJAVET.2016070101
Emekter, R., Tu, Y., Jirasakuldech, B., & Lu, M. (2015). Evaluating credit risk and loan performance in online Peer-to-Peer (P2P) lending. Applied Economics, 47(1), 54-70. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2014.962222
Labaree, R. (2013). Qualitative interviewing (Vol. 51, pp. 436). Middletown: American Library Association dba CHOICE.
Lai, V. C. (2020). Peer-to-peer lending companies in Vietnam: Difficulties and solutions in managing. Hanoi.
Lee, E., & Lee, B. (2012). Herding behavior in online P2P lending: An empirical investigation. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 11(5), 495-503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2012.02.001
Li, Z., Li, K., Yao, X., & Wen, Q. (2019). Predicting prepayment and default risks of unsecured consumer loans in online lending. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 55(1), 118-132. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2018.1479251
Liang, T., Zeng, G., Zhong, Q., Chi, J., Feng, J., Ao, X., & Tang, J. (2021). Credit Risk and Limits Forecasting in E-Commerce Consumer Lending Service via Multi-view-aware Mixture-of-experts Nets. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining.
Ministry of Public Security (MPS). (2020). Annual report about the situation of loan shark in Vietnam. Ha Noi.
Nguyen, N. A. (2019). Challenges for law enforcement agencies to fight against loan sharks in Vietnam. Conference on prevention and investigating loan shark in Vietnam: Facts and Solutions. People's Police Academy. Hanoi.
Rashid, Y., Rashid, A., Warraich, M. A., Sabir, S. S., & Waseem, A. (2019). Case study method: A step-by-step guide for business researchers. International journal of qualitative methods, 18, 1609406919862424. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406919862424
The World Bank. (2020). Individuals using the Internet (% of population) - Vietnam. from https://data.worldbank.org/ indicator/IT.NET.USER.ZS?locations=VN
Vietnamse Government. (2013). Decree No. 167/2013/ND-CP on stipulating penalties for administrative violations in the field of social security, order and safety; prevention of social evils; fire prevention and fighting; domestic violence prevention.
Vietnamese National Assembly. (2015a). Criminal Procedure Code [trans: Bộ luật Tố tụng Hình sự].
Vietnamese National Assembly. (2015b). The Penal Code [trans: Bộ luật Hình sự].
Vietnamese National Assembly. (2015c). Lawson Structure of Investigation Offices [trans: Luật Tổ chức cơ Quan điều tra].
Vietnamese State Bank. (2019). Report about the online P2P lending companies in Vietnam. Hanoi.
Wang, H., Chen, K., Zhu, W., & Song, Z. (2015). A process model on P2P lending. Financial Innovation, 1(1), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-015-0002-9
Wang, J. C. (2018). Technology, the nature of information, and fintech marketplace lending. Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Paper Series Current Policy Perspectives Paper(18-3).
Wang, P., Su, M., & Wang, J. (2021). Organized crime in cyberspace: How traditional organized criminal groups exploit the online P2P lending market in China. The British Journal of Criminology, 61(2), 303-324. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azaa064
Yum, H., Lee, B., & Chae, M. (2012). From the wisdom of crowds to my own judgment in microfinance through online P2P lending platforms. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 11(5), 469-483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2012.05.003
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Policy for Journals/Articles with Open Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
Policy for Journals / Manuscript with Paid Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Publisher retain copyright .
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work .