Disproportionality and Business Cycle from Tugan-Baranovskij to Spiethoff
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-7092.2015.04.10Keywords:
German historical school, business cycles, Spiethoff, Tugan-Baranovskij, disproportionality, Marxism.Abstract
In the second half of the 19th century, German-speaking countries developed a very intense economic debate about crises. Mikhail Ivanovich Tugan-Baranovskij's analysis may be considered as the point of transition between different crisis theories and the development of organic thinking about the business cycle. It was an integral part of the German debate and had a decisive influence on Arthur Spiethoff's elaboration - perhaps the most organic analysis of the cycle developed within the German historical school.
Arthurs Spiethoff's influence was recognized by important authors such as Friedrich A. von Hayek and Joseph A. Schumpeter. Both the Austrian economists admitted their debt toward the German scholar in elaborating their business cycle theories. The present paper aims to illustrate one of the important roots in Spiethoff's approach, an approach that in turn became a crucial reference for other important economists.
References
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/096725600361870
Barnett, Vincent. 2004. “Tugan-Baranovsky, the Methodology of Political Economy, and the “Russian Historical School””. History of Political Economy 36 (1): 79-101.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-36-1-79
Becattini, Giacomo (ed.). (1990). Il pensiero economico: temi, problemi e scuole. Turin, IT: Utet.
Beckmann, Ulf. 2005. “Der Einfluß von Michail Tugan-Baranowsky auf di deutsche Konjunkturforschung im ersten Drittel des 20. Jahrhundert”. Pp. 239-279 in Deutsche und russische Ökonomen im Dialog. Wissentransfer in historische Perspektive. Edited by H. Rieter, L.D. Sirokorad and J. Zweynert, Marburg, D: Metropolis.
Besomi, Daniele. 2006. “‘Marxism Gone Mad’: Tugan-Baranovsky on crises, their possibility and their periodicity”. Review of Political Economy 18 (2): 147-171.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09538250600571338
Boccaccio, Marco. 1996. Hayek. Teoria della conoscenza e teoria economica. Rome and Bari, IT: Laterza.
Colacchio, Giorgio. 1998. “Dal sottoconsumo alle sproporzioni: il caso Tugan-Baranovskij”. Storia del pensiero economico 36: 3-43.
Colacchio, Giorgio. 2005. “On the origin of non-proportional economic dynamics: A note on Tugan Baranowsky’s traverse analysis”. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 16: 503-521.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2004.10.002
De Vecchi, Nicolò. 1993. Crisi. Turin, IT: Bollati Boringhieri.
Ebenstein, Alan. 2001. Friedrich von Hayek. Una biografia. Soveria Mannelli, IT: Rubbettino, 2009.
Ferlito, Carmelo. 2013. Phoenix Economics. From Crisis to Renascence. New York, NY: Nova Publishers.
Ferlito, Carmelo. 2014. “The Natural Cycle: Why Economic Fluctuations are Inevitable. A Schumpeterian Extension of the Austrian Business Cycle Theory”. Journal of Reviews on Global Economics 3: 200-219.
http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-7092.2014.03.16
Gilibert, Giorgio. 1990. “La scuola russo-tedesca di economia matematica e la dottrina del flusso circolare”. Pp. 387-403 in Il pensiero economico: temi, problemi e scuole. Edited by G. Becattini. Turin, IT: Utet.
Gioia, Vitantonio. 1996. “Arthur Spiethoff: “teoria storica” e analisi del ciclo”. Nuova economia e storia 4: 347-374.
Gioia, Vitantonio. 1997. “Historical Changes and Economics in Arthur Spiethoff’s Theory of Wirtschaftsstil (Style of an Economic System)”. Pp. 158-190 in Methodology of the Social Sciences, Ethics, and Economics in the Newer Historical School. From Max Weber and Rickert to Sombart and Rothacker. Edited by P. Koslowski. Berlin and Heidelberg, D: Springer.
Hagemann, Harald. 1999. “The Development of Business-Cycle Theory in the German language area 1900-1930”. Storia del pensiero economico 37: 87-122.
Hayek, Friedrich A. von. 1929. Monetary Theory and the Trade Cycle. New York, NY: Kelley, 1966.
Hayek, Friedrich A. von. 1933. “Price Expectations, Monetary Disturbances and Malinvestments”. Pp. 3-71 in Profits, Interest and Investment and Other Essays on the Theory of Industrial Fluctuations. By F.A. von Hayek. Clifton, NJ: Augustus M. Kelley, 1975.
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Hayek, Friedrich A. von. 1941. The Pure Theory of Capital. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 1952.
Huerta de Soto, Jesús. 1998. Money, Bank Credit, and Economic Cycles. Auburn, AL: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2006.
Kautsky, Karl. 1901-02. “I mutamenti nel carattere delle crisi”. Pp. 281-296 in Il futuro del capitalismo. Crollo o sviluppo?. Edited by L. Colletti and C. Napoleoni. Bari, IT: Laterza, 1970.
Keynes, John Maynard. 1930. “A Treatise on Money”. In Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, V-VI. By J.M. Keynes. London, UK: Royal Economic Society, 1971.
Kondratiev, Nicolaj D. 1923. “The Life of Tugan-Baranovsky”. In The Works of Nikolai D. Kondratiev, IV. By N.D. Kondratiev. London, UK: Pickering and Chatto, 1998.
Kowal, Lubomyr Marian. 1973. “The market and business cycle theories of M.I. Tugan-Baranovsky”. Rivista internazionale di scienze economiche e commerciali XX: 305-334.
Kurz, Heinz D. 2010. “The Beat of Economic Heart: Joseph Schumpeter and Arthur Spiethoff on Business Cycles”. MPRA Paper 20429.
Lachmann, Ludwig M. 1956. Capital and Its Structure. Kansas City, KS: Sheed Andrews and McMeel, 1978.
Luxemburg, Rosa. 1913. L’accumulazione del capitale. Contributo alla spiegazione economica dell’imperialismo e Ciò che gli epigoni hanno fatto della teoria marxista. Una anticritica. Turin, IT: Einaudi, 1974.
Makasheva, Natalia A. 1993. “The Beginning of Long Wave Theory: a Russian Story”. Économies et Sociétés 7-8: 247-260.
Makasheva, Natalia A. 2008. “Unknown M.I. Tugan-Baranovsky: From Searching for an Ethical Basis of Political Economy to an Ideal Model of the Socialist Khozyaistvo (Economy)”. Paper presented at 35th Annual History of Economics Society Conference, York University, Toronto, 27-30 June.
Marx, Karl. 1905. Storia delle teorie economiche, II, David Ricardo. Turin, IT: Einaudi, 1955.
Marx, Karl. 1885. Il Capitale, Libro secondo. Milan, IT: Milano Finanza, 2006.
Marx, Karl. 1894. Il Capitale, Libro terzo. Milan, IT: Milano Finanza, 2006.
Mises, Ludwig von (1948 & 1950). “Il miracolo keynesiano: la trasformazione delle pietre in pane”. Pp. 157-175 in La Scuola Austriaca contro Keynes e Cambridge. Edited by S. Ricossa. Soveria Mannelli, IT: Rubbettino.
Mitchell, Wesley C. 1927. Business Cycles. The Problem and Its Setting. New York, NY: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1954.
Nove, Alec. 1972. “M.I. Tugan-Baranovsky (1865-1919)”. Annal of Public and Cooperative Economics. 43 (2): 113-126.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8292.1972.tb00363.x
Perrotta, Cosimo. 1974. “Introduzione”. Pp. 7-33 in La crisi del capitalismo. By K. Marx. Rome, IT: Newton Compton.
Reijnders, Jan. 1993. “Pioneers of Long Waves Research: Van Gelderen, Kondratieff and the intellectual heritage of Tugan-Baranowski”. Économies et Sociétés 7-8: 261-293.
Reijnders, Jan. 2007. “Impulse or Propagation? How the Tides turned in Business Cycle Theory”. Discussion Paper Series nr. 07-07. Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute, Utrecht School of Economics, Utrecht University.
Schmidt, Carl. 1901. “Per la teoria delle crisi commerciali e della sovraproduzione”. Pp. 255-267 in Il futuro del capitalismo. Crollo o sviluppo?. Edited by L. Colletti and C. Napoleoni. Bari, IT: Laterza, 1970.
Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1954. History of Economic Analysis. London, UK and New York, NY: Routledge, 2006.
Seligman, Ben. 1962. Main Currents in Modern Economics. Economic Thought since 1870. New York, NY: The Free Press of Glencoe.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1902. “Preliminary Remarks to a Theory of Overproduction”. Pp. 45-76 in Business Cycle Theory. Selected Texts 1860-1939, II: Structural Theories of the Business Cycle. Edited by H. Hagemann. London, UK: Pickering & Chatto, 2002.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1903. “Die Krisentheorien von M. v. Tugan-Baranovsky und L. Pohle”. Jahrbuch für Gesetzgebung, Verwaltung und Volkswirtschaft im Deutschen Reich 27: 331-360.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1925. “Business Cycles”. Pp. 109-205 in Business Cycle Theory. Selected Texts 1860-1939, II: Structural Theories of the Business Cycle. Edited by H. Hagemann. London, UK: Pickering & Chatto, 2002.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1952. “The “Historical” Character of Economic Theories” The Journal of Economic History 12 (2): 131-139.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1953. “Pure Theory and Economic Gestalt Theory; Ideal Types and Real Types”. Pp. 444-463 in Enterprise and Secular Change. Readings in Economic History. Edited by F.C. Land and J.C. Riemersma. London, UK: Allen and Unwin.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1970. “Spiethoff’s Text”. Pp. 640-652 in “Arthur Spiethoff on Economic Styles”. Edited by F. Redlich. The Journal of Economic History 30 (3): 640-652
Stanca, Luca Matteo. 2001. “La teoria delle fluttuazioni economiche: una prospettiva storica”. Working Paper 34, Dipartimento di Economia Politica, Milan, Università di Milano-Bicocca.
Swedberg, Richard. 1991. Schumpeter. Vita e opere. Turin, IT: Bollati Boringhieri, 1998.
Sweezy, Paul M. 1942. La teoria dello sviluppo capitalistico. Principi di economia politica marxiana. Turin, IT: Einaudi, 1951.
Sylos Labini, Paolo. 1954. “Il problema dello sviluppo economico in Marx e Schumpeter”. Pp. 19-73 in Problemi dello sviluppo economico. By P. Sylos Labini. Bari, IT: Laterza, 1977.
Tinbergen, Jan. 1942. “Critical Remarks on Some Business-Cycle Theories”. Econometrica 10 (2): 129-146.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1905785
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1890. “‘Uchenie o predel’noi poleznosti khozyaitsvennykh’ blag’, kak’ prichine ikh’ tsennosti’”. Yuridicheskii vestnik 10: 192-230.
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1894. Promyshlennye krizisy v sovremennoi Anglii, ikh prichiny i vliianie na narodnuiu zhizn’. St. Petersburg, RU: I.N. Skorokhodova. German Edition Studien zur Theorie und Geschichte der Handelskrisen in England, Jena, Gustav Fischer, 1901. French Edition Les crises industrielles en Angleterre, Paris, M. Giard & é. Brière, 1913.
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1918. Sotsializm’ kak’ polozhitel’noe uchenie. Petrograd, RU: Koop.
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1905. “Il crollo dell’ordinamento economico capitalistico”. Pp. 303-332 in Il futuro del capitalismo. Crollo o sviluppo?. Edited by L. Colletti and C. Napoleoni. Bari, IT: Laterza, 1970.
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1901a. “The industrial cycle and the causes of the periodicity of crises”. Pp. 29-44 in Business Cycle Theory. Selected Texts 1860-1939, II: Structural Theories of the Business Cycle. Edited by H. Hagemann. London, UK: Pickering & Chatto, 2002.
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1901b. “Studies in the theory of commercial crises in England”. Pp. 3-28 in Business Cycle Theory. Selected Texts 1860-1939, II: Structural Theories of the Business Cycle. Edited by H. Hagemann. London, UK: Pickering & Chatto, 2002.
Amato, Sergio. 1981. “M. I. Tugan-Baranovskij: appunti per una ricerca”. Pensiero politico 14 (2): 284-301.
Barnett, Vincent. 2000. “Tugan-Baranovskii’s vision of an international socialist economy”. European Journal of History of Economic Thought 7 (1): 115-135.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/096725600361870
Barnett, Vincent. 2004. “Tugan-Baranovsky, the Methodology of Political Economy, and the “Russian Historical School””. History of Political Economy 36 (1): 79-101.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182702-36-1-79
Becattini, Giacomo (ed.). (1990). Il pensiero economico: temi, problemi e scuole. Turin, IT: Utet.
Beckmann, Ulf. 2005. “Der Einfluß von Michail Tugan-Baranowsky auf di deutsche Konjunkturforschung im ersten Drittel des 20. Jahrhundert”. Pp. 239-279 in Deutsche und russische Ökonomen im Dialog. Wissentransfer in historische Perspektive. Edited by H. Rieter, L.D. Sirokorad and J. Zweynert, Marburg, D: Metropolis.
Besomi, Daniele. 2006. “‘Marxism Gone Mad’: Tugan-Baranovsky on crises, their possibility and their periodicity”. Review of Political Economy 18 (2): 147-171.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09538250600571338
Boccaccio, Marco. 1996. Hayek. Teoria della conoscenza e teoria economica. Rome and Bari, IT: Laterza.
Colacchio, Giorgio. 1998. “Dal sottoconsumo alle sproporzioni: il caso Tugan-Baranovskij”. Storia del pensiero economico 36: 3-43.
Colacchio, Giorgio. 2005. “On the origin of non-proportional economic dynamics: A note on Tugan Baranowsky’s traverse analysis”. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 16: 503-521.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2004.10.002
De Vecchi, Nicolò. 1993. Crisi. Turin, IT: Bollati Boringhieri.
Ebenstein, Alan. 2001. Friedrich von Hayek. Una biografia. Soveria Mannelli, IT: Rubbettino, 2009.
Ferlito, Carmelo. 2013. Phoenix Economics. From Crisis to Renascence. New York, NY: Nova Publishers.
Ferlito, Carmelo. 2014. “The Natural Cycle: Why Economic Fluctuations are Inevitable. A Schumpeterian Extension of the Austrian Business Cycle Theory”. Journal of Reviews on Global Economics 3: 200-219.
http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-7092.2014.03.16
Gilibert, Giorgio. 1990. “La scuola russo-tedesca di economia matematica e la dottrina del flusso circolare”. Pp. 387-403 in Il pensiero economico: temi, problemi e scuole. Edited by G. Becattini. Turin, IT: Utet.
Gioia, Vitantonio. 1996. “Arthur Spiethoff: “teoria storica” e analisi del ciclo”. Nuova economia e storia 4: 347-374.
Gioia, Vitantonio. 1997. “Historical Changes and Economics in Arthur Spiethoff’s Theory of Wirtschaftsstil (Style of an Economic System)”. Pp. 158-190 in Methodology of the Social Sciences, Ethics, and Economics in the Newer Historical School. From Max Weber and Rickert to Sombart and Rothacker. Edited by P. Koslowski. Berlin and Heidelberg, D: Springer.
Hagemann, Harald. 1999. “The Development of Business-Cycle Theory in the German language area 1900-1930”. Storia del pensiero economico 37: 87-122.
Hayek, Friedrich A. von. 1929. Monetary Theory and the Trade Cycle. New York, NY: Kelley, 1966.
Hayek, Friedrich A. von. 1933. “Price Expectations, Monetary Disturbances and Malinvestments”. Pp. 3-71 in Profits, Interest and Investment and Other Essays on the Theory of Industrial Fluctuations. By F.A. von Hayek. Clifton, NJ: Augustus M. Kelley, 1975.
Hayek, Friedrich A. von. 1939. “Profits, Interest and Investment”. Pp. 1-136 in Profits, Interest and Investment and Other Essays on the Theory of Industrial Fluctuations. By F.A. von Hayek. Clifton, NJ: Augustus M. Kelley, 1975.
Hayek, Friedrich A. von. 1941. The Pure Theory of Capital. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 1952.
Huerta de Soto, Jesús. 1998. Money, Bank Credit, and Economic Cycles. Auburn, AL: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2006.
Kautsky, Karl. 1901-02. “I mutamenti nel carattere delle crisi”. Pp. 281-296 in Il futuro del capitalismo. Crollo o sviluppo?. Edited by L. Colletti and C. Napoleoni. Bari, IT: Laterza, 1970.
Keynes, John Maynard. 1930. “A Treatise on Money”. In Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes, V-VI. By J.M. Keynes. London, UK: Royal Economic Society, 1971.
Kondratiev, Nicolaj D. 1923. “The Life of Tugan-Baranovsky”. In The Works of Nikolai D. Kondratiev, IV. By N.D. Kondratiev. London, UK: Pickering and Chatto, 1998.
Kowal, Lubomyr Marian. 1973. “The market and business cycle theories of M.I. Tugan-Baranovsky”. Rivista internazionale di scienze economiche e commerciali XX: 305-334.
Kurz, Heinz D. 2010. “The Beat of Economic Heart: Joseph Schumpeter and Arthur Spiethoff on Business Cycles”. MPRA Paper 20429.
Lachmann, Ludwig M. 1956. Capital and Its Structure. Kansas City, KS: Sheed Andrews and McMeel, 1978.
Luxemburg, Rosa. 1913. L’accumulazione del capitale. Contributo alla spiegazione economica dell’imperialismo e Ciò che gli epigoni hanno fatto della teoria marxista. Una anticritica. Turin, IT: Einaudi, 1974.
Makasheva, Natalia A. 1993. “The Beginning of Long Wave Theory: a Russian Story”. Économies et Sociétés 7-8: 247-260.
Makasheva, Natalia A. 2008. “Unknown M.I. Tugan-Baranovsky: From Searching for an Ethical Basis of Political Economy to an Ideal Model of the Socialist Khozyaistvo (Economy)”. Paper presented at 35th Annual History of Economics Society Conference, York University, Toronto, 27-30 June.
Marx, Karl. 1905. Storia delle teorie economiche, II, David Ricardo. Turin, IT: Einaudi, 1955.
Marx, Karl. 1885. Il Capitale, Libro secondo. Milan, IT: Milano Finanza, 2006.
Marx, Karl. 1894. Il Capitale, Libro terzo. Milan, IT: Milano Finanza, 2006.
Mises, Ludwig von (1948 & 1950). “Il miracolo keynesiano: la trasformazione delle pietre in pane”. Pp. 157-175 in La Scuola Austriaca contro Keynes e Cambridge. Edited by S. Ricossa. Soveria Mannelli, IT: Rubbettino.
Mitchell, Wesley C. 1927. Business Cycles. The Problem and Its Setting. New York, NY: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1954.
Nove, Alec. 1972. “M.I. Tugan-Baranovsky (1865-1919)”. Annal of Public and Cooperative Economics. 43 (2): 113-126.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8292.1972.tb00363.x
Perrotta, Cosimo. 1974. “Introduzione”. Pp. 7-33 in La crisi del capitalismo. By K. Marx. Rome, IT: Newton Compton.
Reijnders, Jan. 1993. “Pioneers of Long Waves Research: Van Gelderen, Kondratieff and the intellectual heritage of Tugan-Baranowski”. Économies et Sociétés 7-8: 261-293.
Reijnders, Jan. 2007. “Impulse or Propagation? How the Tides turned in Business Cycle Theory”. Discussion Paper Series nr. 07-07. Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute, Utrecht School of Economics, Utrecht University.
Schmidt, Carl. 1901. “Per la teoria delle crisi commerciali e della sovraproduzione”. Pp. 255-267 in Il futuro del capitalismo. Crollo o sviluppo?. Edited by L. Colletti and C. Napoleoni. Bari, IT: Laterza, 1970.
Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1954. History of Economic Analysis. London, UK and New York, NY: Routledge, 2006.
Seligman, Ben. 1962. Main Currents in Modern Economics. Economic Thought since 1870. New York, NY: The Free Press of Glencoe.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1902. “Preliminary Remarks to a Theory of Overproduction”. Pp. 45-76 in Business Cycle Theory. Selected Texts 1860-1939, II: Structural Theories of the Business Cycle. Edited by H. Hagemann. London, UK: Pickering & Chatto, 2002.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1903. “Die Krisentheorien von M. v. Tugan-Baranovsky und L. Pohle”. Jahrbuch für Gesetzgebung, Verwaltung und Volkswirtschaft im Deutschen Reich 27: 331-360.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1925. “Business Cycles”. Pp. 109-205 in Business Cycle Theory. Selected Texts 1860-1939, II: Structural Theories of the Business Cycle. Edited by H. Hagemann. London, UK: Pickering & Chatto, 2002.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1952. “The “Historical” Character of Economic Theories” The Journal of Economic History 12 (2): 131-139.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1953. “Pure Theory and Economic Gestalt Theory; Ideal Types and Real Types”. Pp. 444-463 in Enterprise and Secular Change. Readings in Economic History. Edited by F.C. Land and J.C. Riemersma. London, UK: Allen and Unwin.
Spiethoff, Arthur. 1970. “Spiethoff’s Text”. Pp. 640-652 in “Arthur Spiethoff on Economic Styles”. Edited by F. Redlich. The Journal of Economic History 30 (3): 640-652
Stanca, Luca Matteo. 2001. “La teoria delle fluttuazioni economiche: una prospettiva storica”. Working Paper 34, Dipartimento di Economia Politica, Milan, Università di Milano-Bicocca.
Swedberg, Richard. 1991. Schumpeter. Vita e opere. Turin, IT: Bollati Boringhieri, 1998.
Sweezy, Paul M. 1942. La teoria dello sviluppo capitalistico. Principi di economia politica marxiana. Turin, IT: Einaudi, 1951.
Sylos Labini, Paolo. 1954. “Il problema dello sviluppo economico in Marx e Schumpeter”. Pp. 19-73 in Problemi dello sviluppo economico. By P. Sylos Labini. Bari, IT: Laterza, 1977.
Tinbergen, Jan. 1942. “Critical Remarks on Some Business-Cycle Theories”. Econometrica 10 (2): 129-146.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1905785
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1890. “‘Uchenie o predel’noi poleznosti khozyaitsvennykh’ blag’, kak’ prichine ikh’ tsennosti’”. Yuridicheskii vestnik 10: 192-230.
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1894. Promyshlennye krizisy v sovremennoi Anglii, ikh prichiny i vliianie na narodnuiu zhizn’. St. Petersburg, RU: I.N. Skorokhodova. German Edition Studien zur Theorie und Geschichte der Handelskrisen in England, Jena, Gustav Fischer, 1901. French Edition Les crises industrielles en Angleterre, Paris, M. Giard & é. Brière, 1913.
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1918. Sotsializm’ kak’ polozhitel’noe uchenie. Petrograd, RU: Koop.
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1905. “Il crollo dell’ordinamento economico capitalistico”. Pp. 303-332 in Il futuro del capitalismo. Crollo o sviluppo?. Edited by L. Colletti and C. Napoleoni. Bari, IT: Laterza, 1970.
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1901a. “The industrial cycle and the causes of the periodicity of crises”. Pp. 29-44 in Business Cycle Theory. Selected Texts 1860-1939, II: Structural Theories of the Business Cycle. Edited by H. Hagemann. London, UK: Pickering & Chatto, 2002.
Tugan-Branovskij, Michail I. 1901b. “Studies in the theory of commercial crises in England”. Pp. 3-28 in Business Cycle Theory. Selected Texts 1860-1939, II: Structural Theories of the Business Cycle. Edited by H. Hagemann. London, UK: Pickering & Chatto, 2002.
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2015-05-25
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Ferlito, C. (2015). Disproportionality and Business Cycle from Tugan-Baranovskij to Spiethoff. Journal of Reviews on Global Economics, 4, 108–119. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-7092.2015.04.10
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