Academic Skills in High-Functioning and Low-Functioning Chinese Children with Autism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2017.05.01.2Keywords:
Autism Spectrum Disorders, literacy, mathematical skills, Chinese.Abstract
Early academic skills among Chinese speaking children with ASD were compared to age matched peers who were typically developing and with intellectual disabilities. In general, children with ASD do perform less well on reading comprehension, writing, and math skills. The purpose of the current study was to gather preliminary data on the early academic skills of Chinese children with ASD. The findings indicated that HFA and LFA had less difficulty in acquiring beginning basic-academic skills, but had more difficulty in acquiring advanced academic skills compared to their peers. Yet, the two groups of Chinese students with HFA and LFA performed remarkably alike across the academic skills.
References
Chiang H, Lin Y. Mathematical ability of students with Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism. Autism 2007; 11(6): 547-556. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083259 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361307083259
Hao G, Layton TL, Zou X, Li D. Evaluating autism in a Chinese population: the Chinese Autism Diagnostic Scale. World Journal of Pediatrics 2014; 10(2): 160-163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-014-0466-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-014-0466-0
Jones CRG, Happé F, Golden H, et al. Reading and arithmetic in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders: Peaks and dips. Neuropsychology 2009; 23(6): 718-728. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016360 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016360
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-V (DSM-V) Development; 2013. Available at http: //www.psych.org
Frith U, Snowling M. Reading for meaning and reading for sound in autistic and dyslexic children. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 1983; 1(4): 329-342. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-835X.1983.tb00906.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-835X.1983.tb00906.x
Minshew N, Goldstein G, Taylor HG, Siegel DJ. Academic achievement in high functioning autistic individuals. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 1994; 16(2): 261-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/01688639408402637 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01688639408402637
Nation K, Clarke P, Wright B, Williams C. Patterns of reading ability in children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2006; 36(7): 911-919. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0130-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-006-0130-1
O’Connor N, Klein PD. Exploration of strategies for facilitating the reading comprehension of high-functioning students with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2004; 34(2): 115-127. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JADD.0000022603.44077.6b DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JADD.0000022603.44077.6b
Troyb E, Orinstein A, Tyson K, Helt M, et al. Academic abilities in children and adolescents with a history of autism spectrum disorders who have achieved optimal outcomes. Autism 2014; 18(3): 233-243. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361312473519 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361312473519
Weitlauf A, Gotham K, Vehorn A, Warren Z. Brief Report: DSM-5 “Levels of Support:” A comment on discrepant conceptualizations of severity in ASD. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2104; 44(3): 471-476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1882-z
Perfetti C, Landi N, Oakhill J. The acquisition of reading comprehension. In Snowling MJ, Hulme C, editors. The science of reading. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing 2005.
Cronin K. The relationship among oral language, decoding skills, and reading comprehension in children with autism. Exceptionality 2014; 22(3): 141-157. https://doi.org/10.1080/09362835.2013.865531 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09362835.2013.865531
Ricketts J, Jones CRG, Happé F, Charman T. Reading comprehension in autism spectrum disorders: The role of oral language and social functioning. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2013; 43(4): 807-816. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1619-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-012-1619-4
Myles BS, Simpson RL. Asperger Syndrome: A guide for educators and parents second edition. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed 2003.
Estes A, Rivera V, Bryan, Cali P, Dawson G. Discrepancies between academic achievement and intellectual ability in higher-functioning school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2011; 41(8): 1044-1052. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1127-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1127-3
Bae YS, Chiang H, Hickson L. Mathematical word problem solving ability of children with autism spectrum disorder and their typically developing peers. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2015; 45(7): 2200-2208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2387-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2387-8
Mayes SD, Calhoun SL. Frequency of reading, math, and writing disabilities in children with clinical disorders. Learning and Individual Differences 2006; 16(2): 145-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2005.07.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2005.07.004
Griswold DE, Barnhill GP, Myles BS, Hagiwara T, Simpson RL. Asperger syndrome and academic achievement. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 2002; 17(2): 94-102. https://doi.org/10.1177/10883576020170020401 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/10883576020170020401
Myles BS, Barnhill GP, Hagiwara T, Griswold DE, Simpson RL. A synthesis of studies on the intellectual, academic, social, emotional and sensory characteristics of children and youth with Asperger syndrome. Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities 2001; 36: 304-311.
Schaefer Whitby P, Mancil GR. Academic achievement profiles of children with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome: A review of the literature. Education and Training in Developmental Disabilities 2009; 44(4): 551-560.
APA. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association 2000.
World Health Organization. The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders. Geneva: World Health Organization 1993.
Chinese Society of Psychiatry. Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CCMD-3). Ginan, China 2005.
Wechsler D. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children fourth edition. Hong Kong: King-May Psychological Assessment LTD 2010.
Lecouteur A, Rutter Lord C. Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). San Antonio, TX: Pearson Publishing 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/t18128-000
Constantine J. Social Responsive Scale. San Diego, CA: Western Psychological Services 2014.
SPSS for Windows, rel 12. Chicago, IL: SPSS, Inc 2012.
Kaiser H. The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement 1960; 20: 141-151. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316446002000116 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001316446002000116
Stevens J. Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences fourth ed.. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410604491
Antonacci P, O’Callaghan C. Promoting Literacy Development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications 2012.
Kibby M, Marks W, Morgan S, Long C. Specific impairment in developmental reading disabilities: A working memory approach. Journal of Learning Disabilities 2014; 37(4): 349-363. https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194040370040601 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194040370040601
Stone C, Michaels D. Problem solving skills in learning disabled children. In Ceci, SJ editor. Handbook of cognitive, social and neuropsychological aspects of learning disabilities. Volume 2,( pp 291-315). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum 1986.
Gilliam R, Johnston J. Development of Print Awareness in language-disorder preschoolers. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 1985; 28(10): 521-526. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2804.521 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2804.521
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Early Child Care Research Network. Pathways to reading: The role of oral language in the transition to reading. Developmental Psychology 2005; 41: 428-442. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.41.2.428 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.41.2.428
National Institute for Literacy. Developing Early Literacy: Report of the National Early Literacy Panel: A scientific synthesis of early literacy development and implications for intervention. Jessup, MD; 2008. Available from: www.nifl.gov]
Lanter E, Watson L, Erickson K, Freeman D. Emergent literacy in children with autism: An exploration of developmental and contextual dynamic processes. Language, Speech, Hearing Services in Schools 2012; 43(3): 308-324. https://doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461(2012/10-0083) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461(2012/10-0083)